In The Know-July 2022

July 2022
Pdf Summary
This edition of Ed's List summarizes significant literature in the field of gynecologic oncology from July 2022 to June 2022. Here are some key findings:<br /><br />1. Rare germline variants in certain genes are associated with somatic mutational processes in cancer cells, including DNA mismatch repair deficiency and homologous recombination repair deficiency.<br /><br />2. Inhibition of G6PD, a key enzyme involved in cellular redox homeostasis, sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to oxidative stress in the metastatic microenvironment.<br /><br />3. MicroRNAs play a role in the chemotherapeutic resistance of ovarian cancer, and understanding their mechanisms could lead to strategies to overcome this resistance.<br /><br />4. Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) is an early step in the development of invasive high-grade serous carcinoma of the fallopian tube. There is limited information on the clinical behavior of STIC, but recent studies suggest a higher risk of malignant progression than previously thought.<br /><br />5. A nomogram based on the SEER database can predict prognosis in patients with mucinous ovarian cancer, potentially guiding clinical evaluation and management.<br /><br />6. Frequent aspirin use is associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer, regardless of other risk factors. This finding supports the idea that aspirin could be used as a chemoprevention strategy in higher-risk subgroups.<br /><br />7. White adipose tissue inflammation is associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and increased expression of proinflammatory and proneoplastic genes in endometrial cancer.<br /><br />8. Genomic and epigenomic alterations in BRCA have different treatment responses in triple-negative breast and ovarian cancers. These differences can guide personalized treatment strategies.<br /><br />9. An autologous dendritic cell vaccine shows promise in promoting anticancer immunity in patients with ovarian cancer, particularly those with low mutational burden and "cold" tumors.<br /><br />10. A comprehensive survey of oncology drug spending in Medicare between 2016 and 2020 shows an increase in oncology drug utilization and spending, especially for oral drugs covered under Medicare Part D.<br /><br />These findings contribute to our understanding of gynecologic oncology and suggest potential strategies for treatment and management in these cancers.
Keywords
germline variants
somatic mutational processes
chemotherapeutic resistance
STIC
nomogram
aspirin use
white adipose tissue inflammation
BRCA
triple-negative breast cancer
oncology drug spending