In The Know-June 2021

June 2021
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Ed's List June 2021 provides a compilation of abstracts related to gynecologic oncology from multiple scholarly journals. Highlights from this edition include:<br /><br />1. BARD1 Autoantibody Blood Test for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer: This study proposes a blood test for early detection of ovarian cancer using autoantibody reactivity to BARD1 epitopes combined with CA125. The test showed high accuracy in distinguishing ovarian cancer from healthy controls.<br /><br />2. Risk of epithelial ovarian cancer Type I and II after hysterectomy, salpingectomy, and tubal ligation: This nationwide case-control study analyzed associations between surgical procedures and risk reduction of different types of ovarian cancer. The study found that salpingectomy was associated with a lower risk of Type II ovarian cancer.<br /><br />3. A first-in-class polymerase theta inhibitor selectively targets homologous-recombination-deficient tumors: This study identified a specific polymerase theta inhibitor that selectively kills HR-deficient tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitor may be useful for treating HR-deficient tumors, including those with acquired resistance to PARP inhibitors.<br /><br />4. First- and second-degree family history of ovarian and breast cancer in relation to risk of invasive ovarian cancer: This study examined the association between family history of ovarian and breast cancer and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. The results showed that first-degree family history of ovarian cancer was associated with high-grade serous carcinoma.<br /><br />5. Efficacy and Safety of First-line Single-Agent Carboplatin vs Carboplatin Plus Paclitaxel for Vulnerable Older Adult Women With Ovarian Cancer: This randomized clinical trial compared the efficacy and safety of different chemotherapy regimens in older adult women with ovarian cancer. Single-agent carboplatin was found to be less active with significantly worse survival outcomes compared to the combination regimen.<br /><br />6. Computational modeling of ovarian cancer dynamics suggests optimal strategies for therapy and screening: This study developed a mathematical framework to simulate tumor initiation and growth in ovarian cancer. The modeling results suggested that early diagnosis followed by complete debulking could improve survival in primary high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma.<br /><br />These studies provide valuable insights into various aspects of ovarian cancer, including early detection, risk factors, treatment strategies, and potential interventions. The findings contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve outcomes for women with ovarian cancer.
Keywords
gynecologic oncology
BARD1 autoantibody blood test
early detection
ovarian cancer
surgical procedures
risk reduction
polymerase theta inhibitor
family history
chemotherapy regimens
computational modeling