In The Know-March 2022

March 2022

Pdf Summary

1. Presence of pelvic fluid observed during transvaginal sonogram (TVS) may indicate ovarian malignancy, but should be considered alongside other clinical factors.<br />2. DNA methylation patterns can identify women with primary poor prognostic breast cancer.<br />3. Uterine corpus cancer mortality rates are now similar to ovarian cancer, with widening racial disparities among Black women.<br />4. Dose alterations of olaparib in recurrent ovarian cancer do not significantly impact treatment outcomes.<br />5. Non-visualization of ovaries increases with age, but ovaries can still be visualized in most women over 80.<br />6. Racial differences in immune cells and survival outcomes in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma are attenuated among Non-Hispanic Black women compared to Non-Hispanic White women.<br />7. Small cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix have low mutation burden and specific genomic features associated with the tumor immune landscape.<br />8. Molecular Tumor Board Portal supports clinical decisions and automates reporting for personalized cancer treatment.<br />9. Methylation markers can detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 and above in HPV-positive women.<br />10. Dual-stained cytology with p16/Ki-67 is more sensitive and specific for triaging HPV-positive women.<br />11. Induction of senescence plays a role in ovarian cancer response to therapy, suggesting potential use as a sensitizer to immune checkpoint blockade.<br />12. Regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 is common in young women without HPV 16.<br />13. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at benign hysterectomy reduces ovarian cancer risk in average-risk women.<br />14. Cemiplimab improves overall survival in recurrent cervical cancer compared to chemotherapy.<br />15. Carriers of pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 or other genes have equivalent or lower cancer-specific mortality than noncarriers.<br />16. Trametinib is a new standard-of-care option for patients with recurrent low-grade serous ovarian cancer.<br />17. BRCA1/2 mutations are associated with endometrial cancer risk, and risk reduction hysterectomy is important in carriers. Poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors may be beneficial in uterine serous cancer treatment.

Keywords

pelvic fluid

ovarian malignancy

DNA methylation patterns

breast cancer

uterine corpus cancer

ovarian cancer

olaparib

non-visualization of ovaries

high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma

cervical intraepithelial neoplasia